A Beginner's Guide to How Ammo Works

If you're new to firearms, you're also new to ammo. Need a primer? Watch this latest Smith & Wesson GUNSMARTS video hosted by shooting champion Julie Golob.

posted on June 14, 2021
** When you buy products through the links on our site, we may earn a commission that supports NRA's mission to protect, preserve and defend the Second Amendment. **

New gun owners tend to focus on their newly acquired piece of hardware, which is designed for their personal safety, for recreational shooting—or both. It's an awesome moment when they realize they've joined millions of other law-abiding Americans in exercising their Second Amendment rights. As such, their first goal is usually to make sure they learn to shoot safely and properly—all noble endeavors. Beyond the basics of pistol operation, however, is the equally important topic of ammunition. If you are a new gun owner, or are among those who take what you put down your barrel for granted, this new video in the second season of Smith & Wesson GUNSMARTS series is for you.

In “How Does Ammo Work?” Smith & Wesson pro-shooter Julie Golob offers a crash course in ammo lingo—for instance, what exactly is a bullet versus a cartridge? How does a bullet make its way out of the barrel? The type, size and weight of the ammunition also plays a huge role in how the gun feels when you pull the trigger—otherwise known as recoil. And of course, understanding the difference between center-fire and rimfire ammo is critical. There are many other things to know, too. So if you’re just getting started and feel the need for an ammo primer, check out this latest video in the new GUNSMARTS Series 2.

Latest

Rao Gertrude Mrs Claus Photo By Rao Lede
Rao Gertrude Mrs Claus Photo By Rao Lede

Gertrude Claus: Santa’s Better Half 

It is said that behind every successful man is a great woman, and that includes the jolliest of men!

Review: Henry's G2 Mini Bolt Youth .22 LR Rifles

2025 year marks the welcome return of Henry's handy, lightweight single-shot rifle.

We Love It: Smith & Wesson Barrel Bag

Need to carry more than your car keys when you purse carry? This roomy CCW off-body option goes against convention by not requiring the extreme editing of your contents as you keep your personal safety in mind.

3 Great Reads for Firearms Instructors

For the holidays or anytime, these books make great gifts for any hunter, shooter, firearm instructor or trainer.

New Guns 2026: EAA MC 1911 250th Anniversary of U.S. Independence Special Edition Pistol 

This exclusive model celebrates the nation’s free spirit and the constitutional right to bear arms.

The Armed Citizen® Reload November 28, 2025

Go ahead and break and enter—but don't be surprised when your intended victim is armed and ready for you.

Women's Interests



Get the best of NRA Women delivered to your inbox.