A Beginner's Guide to How Ammo Works

If you're new to firearms, you're also new to ammo. Need a primer? Watch this latest Smith & Wesson GUNSMARTS video hosted by shooting champion Julie Golob.

posted on June 14, 2021
** When you buy products through the links on our site, we may earn a commission that supports NRA's mission to protect, preserve and defend the Second Amendment. **

New gun owners tend to focus on their newly acquired piece of hardware, which is designed for their personal safety, for recreational shooting—or both. It's an awesome moment when they realize they've joined millions of other law-abiding Americans in exercising their Second Amendment rights. As such, their first goal is usually to make sure they learn to shoot safely and properly—all noble endeavors. Beyond the basics of pistol operation, however, is the equally important topic of ammunition. If you are a new gun owner, or are among those who take what you put down your barrel for granted, this new video in the second season of Smith & Wesson GUNSMARTS series is for you.

In “How Does Ammo Work?” Smith & Wesson pro-shooter Julie Golob offers a crash course in ammo lingo—for instance, what exactly is a bullet versus a cartridge? How does a bullet make its way out of the barrel? The type, size and weight of the ammunition also plays a huge role in how the gun feels when you pull the trigger—otherwise known as recoil. And of course, understanding the difference between center-fire and rimfire ammo is critical. There are many other things to know, too. So if you’re just getting started and feel the need for an ammo primer, check out this latest video in the new GUNSMARTS Series 2.

Latest

NRA Women The Armed Citizen Aiming A Pistol
NRA Women The Armed Citizen Aiming A Pistol

The Armed Citizen® Reload August 14, 2026

Here’s a reminder—in just a few bullet points—why it’s not a good idea to break into residences where homeowners are armed.

New Guns 2026: Beretta B22 Jaguar Tac Metal and B22 Jaguar Metal Competition Pistols

The pistols are designed to make firearms training more approachable, enjoyable and rewarding for enthusiasts of every experience level.

New Gear 2026: Polite Society Industries Launches Premium Silencers

Designed by a team of industry veterans, the new line is offered in rimfire through .36 caliber.

NRA Certifications Are Not Just for Instructing

When you add an NRA certification to your resume, it takes your shooting experience to the next level.

New Guns 2026: Taurus GX4 Carry in .380 Auto

The new chambering provides reduced felt recoil for greater comfort, control and confidence.

ScentLok Sponsors "Women Who Hunt" Podcast

Three women are set to break down barriers, share hard-earned wisdom, and celebrate what unites hunters everywhere.

Women's Interests



Get the best of NRA Women delivered to your inbox.